【自動(dòng)對(duì)焦：氣象自動(dòng)化】科考隊(duì)還計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造多項(xiàng)科學(xué)考察研究的世界紀(jì)錄，包括聯(lián)合西藏登山隊(duì)，將多個(gè)自動(dòng)氣象站架設(shè)到8000米以上海拔，實(shí)現(xiàn)珠峰極高海拔區(qū)氣象梯度自動(dòng)觀測和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸;首次在地球之巔利用高精度雷達(dá)測量冰雪厚度;嘗試突破浮空艇大氣觀測海拔世界紀(jì)錄，到達(dá)9000米;本次科考還將追蹤極高海拔大氣污染的輸送及科考人員的高海拔適應(yīng)性。

西藏 “巔峰使命”珠峰科考今日全面啟動(dòng)

記者從第二次青藏高原綜合科學(xué)考察研究隊(duì)獲悉，“巔峰使命”珠峰科考活動(dòng)今天(4月28日)全面啟動(dòng)，總臺(tái)記者全程跟蹤報(bào)道，帶你走進(jìn)“巔峰使命”珠峰科考現(xiàn)場。

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第二次青藏科考隊(duì)隊(duì)長姚檀棟院士介紹，此次珠峰科考將首次應(yīng)用先進(jìn)技術(shù)、方法和手段，圍繞西風(fēng)-季風(fēng)協(xié)同作用、亞洲水塔變化、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與生物多樣性、人類活動(dòng)等重大科學(xué)問題，協(xié)同考察研究珠峰地區(qū)六大圈層的垂直變化特征和相互作用機(jī)理，揭秘氣候變暖背景下珠峰極高海拔區(qū)環(huán)境變化規(guī)律、溫室氣體濃度變化特征及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳匯功能、人類對(duì)極端環(huán)境的適應(yīng)特征，實(shí)現(xiàn)地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)研究的新突破，提出珠峰自然保護(hù)創(chuàng)新科學(xué)方案。

第二次青藏科考隊(duì)聯(lián)合西藏登山隊(duì)實(shí)施此次珠峰科考。本次科考組織了西風(fēng)-季風(fēng)協(xié)同作用、亞洲水塔變化、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與生物多樣性、人類活動(dòng)變化、地球動(dòng)力學(xué)勘測等5支科考分隊(duì)的16個(gè)科考小組共270余名科考隊(duì)員參加，是第二次青藏科考自2017年啟動(dòng)以來學(xué)科覆蓋面最廣、參加科考隊(duì)員最多、采用的儀器設(shè)備最先進(jìn)的綜合性科考。

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科考隊(duì)還計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造多項(xiàng)科學(xué)考察研究的世界紀(jì)錄，包括聯(lián)合西藏登山隊(duì)，將多個(gè)自動(dòng)氣象站架設(shè)到8000米以上海拔，實(shí)現(xiàn)珠峰極高海拔區(qū)氣象梯度自動(dòng)觀測和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸;首次在地球之巔利用高精度雷達(dá)測量冰雪厚度;嘗試突破浮空艇大氣觀測海拔世界紀(jì)錄，到達(dá)9000米;本次科考還將追蹤極高海拔大氣污染的輸送及科考人員的高海拔適應(yīng)性。

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據(jù)了解，我國自20世紀(jì)50年代起開展了超過6次的珠峰科考活動(dòng)，此次組織開展的珠峰極高海拔地區(qū)綜合科考將首次突破8000米以上海拔高度并完成珠峰峰頂?shù)木C合科學(xué)考察任務(wù)，是人類在珠峰地區(qū)開展極高海拔綜合科學(xué)考察研究的一次壯舉。

Tibet's "peak mission" Everest scientific research was fully launched todayThe reporter learned from the second Qinghai Tibet Plateau comprehensive scientific investigation and research team that the "peak mission" Everest scientific research activity was fully launched today (April 28). The head office reporter tracked and reported the whole process and took you to the "peak mission" Everest scientific research site.Academician Yao Tandong, the leader of the second Qinghai Tibet scientific research team, introduced that the scientific research on Everest will apply advanced technologies, methods and means for the first time to jointly investigate and study the vertical change characteristics and interaction mechanism of the six circles in the Everest region around major scientific issues such as the synergy of westerly monsoon, the change of Asian water tower, ecosystem and biodiversity, human activities and so on, so as to reveal the law of environmental change in the extremely high altitude area of Everest under the background of climate warming The change characteristics of greenhouse gas concentration, the carbon sink function of ecosystem and the adaptation characteristics of human beings to extreme environment, realize the new breakthrough in the scientific research of earth system, and put forward the innovative scientific scheme of Everest nature protection.The second Qinghai Tibet scientific research team and the Tibetan mountaineering team carried out the scientific research on Everest. More than 270 scientific research team members from 16 scientific research teams of 5 scientific research teams, including westerly monsoon synergy, Asian water tower change, ecosystem and biodiversity, human activity change and geodynamic survey, participated in this scientific research. It is a comprehensive scientific research with the widest subject coverage, the largest number of scientific research team members and the most advanced instruments and equipment since the second Qinghai Tibet scientific research was launched in 2017.The scientific research team also plans to set a number of world records for scientific investigation and research, including the joint Tibetan mountaineering team to set up multiple automatic weather stations at an altitude of more than 8000 meters, so as to realize the automatic observation and data transmission of meteorological gradient in the extremely high altitude area of Everest; It is the first time to use high-precision radar to measure the thickness of ice and snow on the top of the earth; Try to break the world record of atmospheric observation altitude of floating craft, reaching 9000 meters; This scientific research will also track the transportation of air pollution at very high altitude and the adaptability of scientific researchers at high altitude.It is understood that China has carried out more than six scientific research activities on Mount Everest since the 1950s. The comprehensive scientific research on the high altitude area of Mount Everest organized and carried out this time will break through the altitude of more than 8000 meters for the first time and complete the comprehensive scientific investigation task of the top of Mount Everest. It is a feat for human beings to carry out comprehensive scientific investigation and Research on the high altitude area of Mount Everest.

全球海拔最高的自動(dòng)氣象站

央視網(wǎng)消息：青藏高原是世界屋脊、亞洲水塔，被稱為地球第三極，是我國重要的生態(tài)安全屏障。今天(4月28日)，“巔峰使命”珠峰科考全面啟動(dòng)，16支科考小組270多名科考隊(duì)員參加。這是自2017年第二次青藏科考以來，學(xué)科覆蓋面最廣、參加科考隊(duì)員最多、采用的儀器設(shè)備最先進(jìn)的綜合性科考。

這次珠峰科考將聚焦珠峰地區(qū)的環(huán)境變化，從大氣、水、生態(tài)、地表過程等方面進(jìn)行全方位的考察。同時(shí)，還將圍繞西風(fēng)—季風(fēng)協(xié)同作用等重大科學(xué)問題進(jìn)行考察。

本輪珠峰科考中有一個(gè)重要的使命，就是要從海拔5200米到8800米搭建8個(gè)氣象站，其中4個(gè)都在海拔7000米以上。而8800米的氣象站架設(shè)成功后，將是全球海拔最高的自動(dòng)氣象站。

2022年4月20日，14名科考登山隊(duì)員克服8級(jí)大風(fēng)和極度缺氧的困難，在海拔7790米架設(shè)了一架極高海拔的自動(dòng)氣象站，創(chuàng)下中國自動(dòng)氣象站架設(shè)最高海拔紀(jì)錄。

6個(gè)小時(shí)后，14名科考隊(duì)員在8300米成功架設(shè)了同類型的自動(dòng)氣象站，再次刷新了我國自動(dòng)氣象站的海拔紀(jì)錄。

雖然8300米的自動(dòng)氣象站總重是50公斤，比在低海拔的常規(guī)氣象站輕20公斤，但光是要把這些氣象站設(shè)備運(yùn)到8300米就是一件難事。

“巔峰使命”珠峰科考登頂科考小組副組長 扎西平措：有些是易碎品，然后再保護(hù)起來，保護(hù)到自己背上去，有些不是易碎品的都是牦牛馱到6500米處，從6500米往上都是我們?nèi)斯み\(yùn)上去。

中國科學(xué)院青藏高原研究所研究員 趙華標(biāo)：我們現(xiàn)在高海拔是缺少這種氣象觀測的，像常規(guī)的氣象觀測一般都在5000米以下，5000米以上很少的。如果我們這次這個(gè)高度(8800米)架設(shè)成功之后，將是全球最高海拔的氣象觀測。

記者：我很好奇為什么是8800米，不是8848米?

趙華標(biāo)：因?yàn)榉屙斏鲜茄┖捅?，不太好固定，所以我們?cè)?800米左右找個(gè)基巖的面上進(jìn)行固定。

8個(gè)不同梯度的自動(dòng)氣象站主要是立體監(jiān)測珠峰地區(qū)的氣溫、相對(duì)濕度、風(fēng)向、風(fēng)速、氣壓和輻射等參數(shù)變化，并且可以實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)遠(yuǎn)程傳輸。

趙華標(biāo)：青藏高原是第三極，它的海拔很高，它的氣溫變化不同的海拔是不一樣的，而且珠峰就是極高區(qū)域，這樣我們研究這個(gè)區(qū)域的氣溫變化、梯度變化，這樣可以對(duì)第三極整個(gè)地區(qū)的氣溫還有海拔變化就會(huì)有了解。